An additional concern covers legal issues, which are beyond the scope of this paper and the authors' experience. One concern is that JOIE, like many utilities, including decompilers, disk copy routines, and binary editors, could be used to violate copyrights. However (like those other tools), it has legitimate uses that remain within the law.
A more complex and troublesome issue regards liability: is a failure the result of the original class, the transformer, or both? Who has the ultimate responsibility?